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Spectra of conditionalization and typicality in the multiverse

机译:多元宇宙中条件化和典型性的谱

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摘要

An approach to testing theories describing a multiverse, that has gainedinterest of late, involves comparing theory-generated probability distributionsover observables with their experimentally measured values. It is likely thatsuch distributions, were we indeed able to calculate them unambiguously, willassign low probabilities to any such experimental measurements. An alternativeto thereby rejecting these theories, is to conditionalize the distributionsinvolved by restricting attention to domains of the multiverse in which wemight arise. In order to elicit a crisp prediction, however, one needs to makea further assumption about how typical we are of the chosen domains. In thispaper, we investigate interactions between the spectra of available assumptionsregarding both conditionalization and typicality, and draw out the effects ofthese interactions in a concrete setting; namely, on predictions of the totalnumber of species that contribute significantly to dark matter. In particular,for each conditionalization scheme studied, we analyze how correlations betweendensities of different dark matter species affect the prediction, and explicatethe effects of assumptions regarding typicality. We find that the effects ofcorrelations can depend on the conditionalization scheme, and that in each caseatypicality can significantly change the prediction. In doing so, wedemonstrate the existence of overlaps in the predictions of different"frameworks" consisting of conjunctions of theory, conditionalization schemeand typicality assumption. This conclusion highlights the acute challengesinvolved in using such tests to identify a preferred framework that aims todescribe our observational situation in a multiverse.
机译:一种测试描述多元宇宙的理论的方法近来引起了人们的兴趣,该方法涉及将理论生成的概率分布在可观察物上与它们的实验测量值进行比较。如果我们确实能够明确地计算出这些分布,则很可能会将低概率分配给任何此类实验测量。从而拒绝这些理论的另一种选择是通过限制注意力集中在可能发生的多重宇宙的域上来限制所涉及的分布。但是,为了得出清晰的预测,需要对我们在所选域中的典型性做出进一步的假设。在本文中,我们研究了有关条件化和典型性的可用假设的光谱之间的相互作用,并得出了这些相互作用在具体环境中的影响。即根据对暗物质有重大贡献的物种总数的预测。特别是,对于每个研究的条件化方案,我们分析不同暗物质物种的密度之间的相关性如何影响预测,并阐明关于典型性的假设的影响。我们发现相关性的影响可能取决于条件化方案,并且在每种情况下非典型性都可以显着改变预测。通过这样做,我们证明了在不同的“框架”的预测中存在重叠,这些重叠由理论,条件化方案和典型性假设的结合组成。该结论凸显了使用此类测试来确定旨在描述我们在多宇宙中的观测情况的首选框架所涉及的严峻挑战。

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    Azhar, Feraz;

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  • 年度 2016
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